Prokaryotic Cell Organization & Uniformity — NEET Biology

Correct answer: B — S1 and S3 are correct.

The core concept here involves the structure and function of microbodies. S1: Correct. NCERT states, 'Many membrane bound minute vesicles called microbodies that contain various enzymes, are present in both plant and animal cells.' S2: Incorrect. The synthesis of lipids, including steroidal hormones, is primarily the function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER), not microbodies. NCERT mentions 'The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the major site for synthesis of lipid. In animal cells lipid-like steroidal hormones are synthesised in SER.' S3: Correct. Specific types of microbodies, such as peroxisomes, are known to be involved in enzymatic detoxification (e.g., breakdown of hydrogen peroxide) and metabolism of fatty acids. S4: Incorrect. NCERT explicitly states, 'Since the functions of the mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes are not coordinated with the above components, these are not considered as part of the endomembrane system.' Microbodies (peroxisomes) are not part of the endomembrane system. S5: Incorrect. NCERT describes microbodies as 'membrane bound minute vesicles'. Ribosomes are non-membrane bound, but microbodies are membrane bound and are primarily found in eukaryotic cells. Therefore, statements S1 and S3 are correct. The final answer is B.