Prokaryotic Cell Structure & Features — NEET Biology
📚 Practice ConceptThe semi-fluid matrix filling the cell is the cytoplasm. There is no well-defined nucleus. The genetic material is basically naked, not enveloped by a nuclear membrane. In addition to the genomic DNA (the single chromosome/circular DNA), many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA. These smaller DNA are called plasmids. The plasmid DNA confers certain unique phenotypic characters to such bacteria. One such character is resistance to antibiotics. In higher classes you will learn that this plasmid DNA is used to monitor bacterial transformation with foreign DNA. Nuclear membrane is found in eukaryotes. No organelles, like the ones in eukaryotes, are found in prokaryotic cells except for ribosomes. Prokaryotes have something unique in the form of inclusions. A specialised differentiated form of cell membrane called mesosome is the characteristic of prokaryotes. They are essentially infoldings of cell membrane.
Match the following unique features of prokaryotic Column II (Description) A. Nucleoid B. Mesosome C. 70S Ribosomes D. Plasmid E. Inclusion bodies Column II (Description) 1. Specialized differentiated form of cell membrane extensions into the cytoplasm 2. Naked genetic material not enveloped by a nuclear membrane 3. Non-membrane bound granules for storage of reserve materials like phosphate or glycogen 4. Small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA, conferring unique phenotypic characters 5. Site of protein synthesis, composed of 50S and 30S subunits
Through deep analysis of NEET and NTA, 88 of 90 questions from the NEET 2026 paper were matched straight from the MedicNEET Biology question bank.
88/90MedicNEET's Biology question bank is built from the same NCERT lines NTA picks repeatedly. Not random MCQs — questions crafted exactly like NTA crafts them.