Prokaryotic Cell Structure & Features — NEET Biology

Correct answer: A — A-2, B-1, C-5, D-4, E-3

The question requires matching unique prokaryotic cell features with their correct descriptions. A. Nucleoid: The NCERT states, 'There is no well-defined nucleus. The genetic material is basically naked, not enveloped by a nuclear membrane.' Thus, A matches 2. B. Mesosome: NCERT describes it as 'A specialised differentiated form of cell membrane called mesosome is the characteristic of prokaryotes. They are essentially infoldings of cell membrane.' Thus, B matches 1. C. 70S Ribosomes: NCERT states, 'prokaryotic ribosomes... are made of two subunits - 50S and 30S units which when present together form 70S prokaryotic ribosomes. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.' Thus, C matches 5. D. Plasmid: NCERT explains, 'many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA. These smaller DNA are called plasmids. The plasmid DNA confers certain unique phenotypic characters to such bacteria.' Thus, D matches 4. E. Inclusion bodies: NCERT says, 'Reserve material in prokaryotic cells are stored in the cytoplasm in the form of inclusion bodies. These are not bound by any membrane system and lie free in the cytoplasm, e.g., phosphate granules, cyanophycean granules and glycogen granules.' Thus, E matches 3. Therefore, the correct match is A-2, B-1, C-5, D-4, E-3. The core concept is the identification and understanding of the specific structures and their roles within prokaryotic cells.