NEET 2017 · ChemistryPrevious Year Question
The most suitable method of separation of a 1:1 mixture of ortho- and para-nitrophenols is:
Answer: (D) Steam distillation. \textbf{Answer:} (d) Steam distillation \textbf{Solution:} o-Nitrophenol has intramolecular hydrogen bonding (chelation), making it steam-volatile, whereas p-nitrophenol has intermolecular hydrogen bonding and is non-volatile in steam.
- A.Sublimation
- B.Chromatography
- C.Crystallisation
- D.Steam distillation✓
Correct Answer
(D) Steam distillation
Solution & Explanation
\textbf{Answer:} (d) Steam distillation \textbf{Solution:} o-Nitrophenol has intramolecular hydrogen bonding (chelation), making it steam-volatile, whereas p-nitrophenol has intermolecular hydrogen bonding and is non-volatile in steam. Therefore steam distillation separates the ortho isomer (which distils over) from the para isomer (which remains behind). Hence (d).
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