Consider the reaction: $\mathrm{CH}{}_3\mathrm{COCH}{}_3\stackrel{\mathrm{dil}\cdot \mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH}){}_2}{\to }\mathrm{X}$ The functional groups present in compound $\mathrm{X}$ are

Solution & Explanation

\textbf{Answer:} (B) alcohol and ketone. \textbf{Solution:} Acetone undergoes a base-catalysed aldol addition with dilute $\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH}){}_2$ to give diacetone alcohol, $(\mathrm{CH}{}_3){}_2\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{OH})-\mathrm{CH}{}_2-\mathrm{CO}-\mathrm{CH}{}_3$ (4-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one). The product keeps the original ketone carbonyl and gains a $\beta$-hydroxyl group, so the functional groups in $\mathrm{X}$ are an alcohol and a ketone.