Ecosystem–Structure and Function — NEET Biology Questions

Practice 20 questions on Ecosystem–Structure and Function from Ecosystem (NCERT Class 12, Chapter 12). Free samples below — get all 20 in the app.

20 Questions Ecosystem Class 12

Sample Questions — Ecosystem–Structure and Function

Try 5 questions below from Ecosystem–Structure and Function. Get all 20 in the MedicNEET app.

MCQ
Match-the-Column: Column I A. Top vertical layer B. Middle vertical layer C. Bottom vertical layer Column II 1. Herbs and grasses 2. Trees 3. Shrubs
  • A. A–2, B–1, C–3
  • B. A–3, B–2, C–1
  • C. A–2, B–3, C–1
  • D. A–1, B–3, C–2
✅ Correct Answer: C
According to NCERT, trees form the top stratum, shrubs the second, and herbs/grasses the bottom.
MCQ
Which of the following is a correct function performed in all ecosystems?
  • A. Reversal of energy flow
  • B. Unidirectional loss of energy
  • C. Only nutrient accumulation
  • D. Constant autotroph reduction
✅ Correct Answer: B
Energy flows unidirectionally through the trophic levels with dissipation as heat.
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MCQ
Which of the following is considered a man-made ecosystem?
  • A. Pond
  • B. Forest
  • C. River
  • D. Aquarium
✅ Correct Answer: D
NCERT lists crop fields and aquariums as examples of man-made ecosystems.
MCQ
Which of the following options contains only biotic components of a pond ecosystem?
  • A. Water, soil, phytoplankton
  • B. Zooplankton, algae, bacteria
  • C. Sunlight, bacteria, sediment
  • D. Phytoplankton, heat, temperature
✅ Correct Answer: B
Biotic components include all living organisms—producers, consumers, and decomposers. Others like water, sunlight, temperature are abiotic.
MCQ
Assertion (A): The desert ecosystem is ideal to understand ecosystem functions. Reason (R): It exhibits all components like productivity, energy flow, decomposition, and nutrient cycling.
  • A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • C. A is true, R is false
  • D. A is false, R is true
✅ Correct Answer: D
The pond ecosystem not desert, is ideal to understand ecosystem functions. The pond is a simple and self-sustaining system that demonstrates all functional processes.

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