Polygenic inheritance — Principles of inheritance and variation NEET Questions 2026

Sample Questions — Polygenic inheritance

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MCQ

Q10. Which of the following combinations would most likely produce the widest range of skin tones in the offspring?

A. Homozygous dominant × Homozygous recessive
B. Monogenic dominant × Monogenic recessive
C. All dominant × All dominant
D. All heterozygous × All heterozygous

✅ Correct Answer: D

More heterozygous combinations in polygenic traits produce maximum phenotypic range.

MCQ

Q5. Why is skin color considered a reliable model for studying polygenic traits?

A. It is not heritable
B. It varies continuously and is influenced by environment
C. It involves one dominant gene
D. It follows codominance pattern

✅ Correct Answer: B

Skin color variation results from multiple genes and is also modified by sunlight exposure and other factors.

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MCQ

Q9. What would be the effect of increasing the number of genes involved in a polygenic trait?

A. Trait becomes binary
B. Trait shows reduced variability
C. Trait shows increased gradation
D. Trait becomes sex-linked

✅ Correct Answer: C

More genes = finer steps of expression = smoother gradation in phenotype.

MCQ

Q7. Assertion (A): Codominance and polygenic inheritance are synonymous. Reason (R): Both involve expression of multiple alleles at a single gene locus.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is false, but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

✅ Correct Answer: D

Codominance refers to equal expression of two alleles at one locus. Polygenic inheritance involves many genes at different loci.

MCQ

Which of the following best explains why polygenic traits show a wide range of phenotypes?

A. Dominance of alleles
B. Gene mutation in some of the responsible gene
C. linked inheritance between multiple genes
D. Combined effect of several genes and environment

✅ Correct Answer: D

Polygenic inheritance involves additive gene effects modified by environmental influence.

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Sample Questions — Polygenic inheritance

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